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Dietary Toll-Like Receptor Stimulants Promote Hepatic Inflammation and Impair Reverse Cholesterol Transport in Mice via Macrophage-Dependent Interleukin-1 Production.pdf (7.18 MB)

Dietary Toll-Like Receptor Stimulants Promote Hepatic Inflammation and Impair Reverse Cholesterol Transport in Mice via Macrophage-Dependent Interleukin-1 Production.

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posted on 2019-07-24, 08:39 authored by Tola A. Faraj, Cordula Stover, Clett Erridge
Background: The mechanisms connecting dietary intake of processed foods with systemic inflammatory markers and cardiovascular risk remain poorly defined. We sought to compare the abundance of pro-inflammatory stimulants of innate immune receptors in processed foods with those produced by the murine ileal and caecal microbiota, and to explore the impact of their ingestion on systemic inflammation and lipid metabolism in vivo. Methods and results: Calibrated receptor-dependent reporter assays revealed that many processed foods, particularly those based on minced meats, contain pro-inflammatory stimulants of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 and TLR4 at concentrations which greatly exceed those produced by the endogenous murine ileal microbiota. Chronic dietary supplementation with these stimulants, at concentrations relevant to those measured in the Western diet, promoted hepatic inflammation and reduced several markers of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) in mice. Hepatocytes were found to be insensitive to TLR2- and TLR4-stimulants directly, but their secretion of functional cholesterol acceptors was impaired by interleukin (IL)-1β released by TLR-responsive hepatic macrophages. Hepatic macrophage priming by high-fat diet enhanced the impairment of RCT by ingested endotoxin, and this was reversed by macrophage depletion via clodronate liposome treatment, or genetic deficiency in the IL-1 receptor. Conclusion: These findings reveal an unexpected mechanism connecting processed food consumption with cardiovascular risk factors, and introduce the food microbiota as a potential target for therapeutic regulation of lipid metabolism.

Funding

This work was supported by a Wellcome Trust Institutional Strategic Support Fund award (097828/Z/11/A), and a University of Leicester College of Life Sciences Research fellowship, awarded to CE. TF was supported by a studentship funded by the Iraq Higher Committee for Education Development (D-11-242).

History

Citation

Frontiers in Immunology, 2019, 10:1404

Author affiliation

/Organisation/COLLEGE OF LIFE SCIENCES/School of Medicine/Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation

Version

  • VoR (Version of Record)

Published in

Frontiers in Immunology

Publisher

Frontiers Media

eissn

1664-3224

Acceptance date

2019-06-04

Copyright date

2019

Available date

2019-07-24

Publisher version

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01404/full

Notes

The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01404/full#supplementary-material

Language

en

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