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The Promise of Reconfigurable Computing for Hyperspectral Imaging Onboard Systems: A Review and Trends

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journal contribution
posted on 2020-05-29, 13:11 authored by S Lopez, T Vladimirova, C Gonzalez, J Resano, D Mozos, A Plaza
Hyperspectral imaging is an important technique in remote sensing which is characterized by high spectral resolutions. With the advent of new hyperspectral remote sensing missions and their increased temporal resolutions, the availability and dimensionality of hyperspectral data is continuously increasing. This demands fast processing solutions that can be used to compress and/or interpret hyperspectral data onboard spacecraft imaging platforms in order to reduce downlink connection requirements and perform a more efficient exploitation of hyperspectral data sets in various applications. Over the last few years, reconfigurable hardware solutions such as field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) have been consolidated as the standard choice for onboard remote sensing processing due to their smaller size, weight, and power consumption when compared with other high-performance computing systems, as well as to the availability of more FPGAs with increased tolerance to ionizing radiation in space. Although there have been many literature sources on the use of FPGAs in remote sensing in general and in hyperspectral remote sensing in particular, there is no specific reference discussing the state-of-the-art and future trends of applying this flexible and dynamic technology to such missions. In this work, a necessary first step in this direction is taken by providing an extensive review and discussion of the (current and future) capabilities of reconfigurable hardware and FPGAs in the context of hyperspectral remote sensing missions. The review covers both technological aspects of FPGA hardware and implementation issues, providing two specific case studies in which FPGAs are successfully used to improve the compression and interpretation (through spectral unmixing concepts) of remotely sensed hyperspectral data. Based on the two considered case studies, we also highlight the major challenges to be addressed in the near future in this emerging and fast growing research area.

Funding

Additionally, funding from the European Commission in the framework of the TOLOMEO (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IRSES) project and from the Spanish Government in the framework of the CEOS-SPAIN (AYA2011-29334-C02-02), DREAMS (TEC2011-28666-C04-04), AYA2009-13300-C03-02, TIN2009-09806, and TIN2010-21291-C02-01 projects is gratefully acknowledged.

History

Citation

PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE, 2013, 101 (3), pp. 698-722 (25)

Author affiliation

/Organisation/COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING/Department of Engineering

Version

  • AM (Accepted Manuscript)

Published in

PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE

Volume

101

Issue

3

Pagination

698-722 (25)

Publisher

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

issn

0018-9219

Copyright date

2013

Language

English

Publisher version

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/6450026